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Journalistic Ethics: Moral Responsibility in the Media
ISBN-10: 0131825399
ISBN-13: 9780131825390
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Copyright: 2007
Format: Paper; 312 pp
Published: 12/04/2006
Status: Instock
For courses on journalistic ethics, media ethics, media in general, applied ethics, journalism, and journalistic integrity.
By combining accessible theory with case studies and applications, this book offers both a solid framework for philosophical discussions of journalistic ethics and a sourcebook that journalism students can use in thinking about the moral implications of their intended profession.
Dale Jacquette wrote the book in order to explore the limitations of a free and responsible press against the pressures and conflicts encountered by journalists. This book provides a model and set of moral ideals for practicing and aspiring journalists, with the end result being an improvement in the quality and ethical standards of news reporting by readers who have become more aware of the moral implications of their work.
Addressed to both philosophy and journalism students. Provides philosophical background and practical applications.
Provides strong framework of accessible philosophical theory and encourages discussion of the problems of journalistic ethics. Focuses on the basis of a unified theory of the moral responsibility of journalists and what that responsibility implies. The unified theory accounts for all aspects of journalistic rights and responsibilities in the principle that journalists have a professional moral obligation to provide relevant truth telling in the public interest. The freedom of the press is predicated on this assumption, as are all other topics regularly discussed in connection with media ethics, including protection of privileged sources, censorship, and problems of perspective and bias in news reporting.
Lavishly illustrated with many real life and imaginary case studies to demonstrate the applications of philosophical principles to journalistic practice. The combination of philosophical theory and 30 case studies makes this book unique. Most of the case studies are from actual journalistic practice and some of them were developed as philosophical thought experiments. By combining a strong degree of accessible theory and many case studies and applications, the book seeks to offer both philosophical and practical insight into the challenges of morally responsible professional journalism.
Each topic is approached from a dual practical standpoint. The book considers moral choices facing working journalists at the production end of the news, and its impact on news consumers at the receiving end.
Are you interested in exploring other areas in ethics?
Journalistic Ethics is part of the Basic Ethics in Action series. See below for a complete listing of the wide-ranging anthologies and brief texts in that series. Each focuses on a particular theme or topic in applied ethics. A discount is offered when two or more titles in the series are packaged together. Click on any of the titles below for more information:
Anchor volume
Business Ethics titles
Business, Ethics, and Sustainability: Ethics for the Next Industrial Revolution
By Joseph DesJardins
© 2007 | ISBN: 013189174X
By Dale Jacquette
© 2007 | ISBN: 0131825399
Environmental Ethics titles
Medical Ethics titles
Social and Political Philosophy titles
Human Rights and Global Obligations
PREFACE
INTRODUCTION: WHAT JOURNALISTS DO
News Information
Moral Rights and Responsibilities
Moral Problems for Journalistic Ethics
Criteria of Professional Ethics
Chapter One
TRUTH TELLING IN THE PUBLIC INTEREST
Truth and its Consequences
Deliberate and Inadvertent Falsehoods
Case Study 1: Newsweek and the Holy Koran at Guantánamo Bay
Case Study 2: Staged Incidents in Dateline NBC Investigative Reporting
Fundamental Principle of Journalistic Ethics
Truth Telling Journalistic Imperatives
Truth as Correspondence with Facts
Practical Truth Criteria and Cross-Checking News Contents
Plagiarism
Moral Integrity and Journalism’s Raison D’eˆtre
Case Study 3: Jayson Blair at the New York Times
Relevance and the Concept of Relevant Truth
Chapter Two
JOURNALISTIC RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Rights and Responsibilities
Legal and Moral Rights
Case Study 4: Right to Publish and Responsibility for News Content
Consequences for Abusing Rights
Case Study 5: Role of Reporters as Responsible Citizens in Criminal Investigations
Relation of Rights and Responsibilities
Origin of Journalistic Rights
Case Study 6: Journalistic Responsibility Versus Detachment
Chapter Three
MORAL IDEALS ANDWORKADAY JOURNALISTIC REALITIES
Moral Ideals
Conflicts of Moral Ideals and Marketplace Realities
Case Study 7: The Jessica Lynch Incident
Two Sides of Professional Journalism
The Midas Touch of Television News
Pros and Cons of the Mass Media Age
Case Study 8: Warehouse Fire and Homeless Shelter Closing
Case Study 9: Governmental Pressures on Journalism in Mexico
Commercialism in the News
Making a Profit in Journalism
Increasing Income from News Reporting
Conflicts with Advertisers over News Content
Moral Choices in Reactions to Advertiser Pressure
Moral Obligations for Journalists to Remain Profitable
Interest Group Influence on News Reporting
Call for Journalists to Stand Firm Against Financial Intimidation
Increasing Journalistic Profits by Reducing Costs
Weakness of Will and the Temptations of Financial Gain
Stealth Advertising
Case Study 10: Strangers Bearing Gifts
Moral Quandaries about “Hidden” Advertising
Product Placement in the News
Chapter Four
FREEDOM OF THE PRESS
Free Press Dilemmas
American Constitutional Protection of Journalistic Freedoms
Case Study 11: Thomas Jefferson on the Importance of a Free Press
Priority of a Free Press in the American Bill of Rights
Case Study 12: U.S. Supreme Court Decisions Concerning Freedom of the Press (Pentagon Papers, Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Miami Herald)
Freedom’s Debt to a Free Press and the Pursuit of Truth
Freedom of the Press as the Fourth Estate of a Liberal Democracy
Case Study 13: Freedom of the Press (or Abridgement Thereof) Worldwide (Second International World Press Freedom Ranking, October 2003)
Justification for a Free Press in a Free Society
Challenges to Sustaining a Free Press
Chapter Five
CENSORSHIP AND WITHHOLDING INFORMATION FOR THE GREATER GOOD
Censorship and Journalism’s Mandate
Historical and Philosophical Background
Censorship and Prioritized Journalistic Obligations
Moral Rationale for Journalistic Censorship
Case Study 14: Tomlinson’s Efforts to Control Public Broadcasting
Three Principles for Controlling Censorship
Interdependence of a Free Society and a Free Press–Principle 1
Obligation to Maximize Relevant Truth Telling–Principle 2
Case Study 15: Censorship of the Press in Iraq
Distinguishing Morally Justified Censorship–Principle 3
Voluntary and Involuntary Censorship
Case Study 16: “Censoring” Terrorists by Official Request in a Free Society
Chapter Six
PROTECTION OF CONFIDENTIAL SOURCES
Confidentiality
Privileged Sources of News Information
Moral and Prudential Reasoning
Legal Pressure Against Journalists to Reveal Sources
Standing Firm Against Coercion for a Free Press
Case Study 17: Journalistic Shield Law in American History
Shield Laws and Exceptions to Protection of Confidential Sources
Moral Complications in Observing Confidentiality
Case Study 18: Judith Miller and the CIA Leak
Guidelines for Appeals to Confidentiality
Internal Professional Oversight for Confidential Sources
Censorship and Disclosure of Privileged Sources
Case Study 19: Confidential Information about an Impending Medical Emergency
Balancing Protection of Sources and the Greater Public Good
Chapter Seven
JOURNALISTIC RESPECT FOR PRIVACY
Privacy in a Public World
Constitutional Basis for the Right to Privacy
Moral Value and the Right to Privacy
Case Study 20: Magazine Publication of Private Celebrity Wedding Photographs
Journalistic Obligations to Respect Privacy
Investigative Journalism and the Right to Privacy
Voluntary Disclosure Versus Involuntarily Obtained Information
Slippery Slope Problems in Privacy Determinations
Case Study 21: Investigating the Private Lives of the Families of Public Officials
Choice of Public Life as a Disavowal of Privacy
Celebrityhood and Journalistic Violations of Privacy
Relinquishing Privacy by Acting in a Public Place
Case Study 22: Reporting on Suicide as a Cause of Death
Case Study 23: Paparazzi in the Princess Diana and Dodi Al Fayed Tragedy
Chapter Eight
OBJECTIVITY, PERSPECTIVE, AND BIAS
An Ideal of Objectivity
Noninvolvement in News Reporting
Case Study 24: Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) on Terry Milewski
Embedding Journalists with the Military
Case Study 25: Pentagon Directive for “EMBEDS” in the Second Gulf (Iraq) War
Wartime Reportage
Control, Censorship, and Propaganda Potential for Embedding
Perspective and Orientation in News Reporting
Political and Other Forms of Personal Bias
Case Study 26: Allegations of Liberal Versus Conservative Bias in American Journalism
Interpretation by News Reporters and Consumers
Skepticism, Relativism, and Postmodern Disregard for Truth
Conjecture and Speculation in the News
Case Study 27: 2000 American Presidential Election Coverage
Unscientific Polls and Unsubstantiated Opinions
Chapter Nine
EDITORIAL LICENSE AND OBLIGATIONS
Editorial Opinion
Case Study 28: Ethics of Editorializing in a Free Press
Distinguishing News from Commentary
Fact-Value Gap and the Naturalistic Fallacy
Inferential Version of the Naturalistic Fallacy
Is-Ought Gap and the Distinction Between News and Opinion
Case Study 29: National Conference of Editorial Writers Foundation (NCEW)
Editorial Opinion as News Perspective
Editorial License and Ideological Spin
Professional Ethical Guidelines for Editorialists
Ways of Promoting Editorial Pluralism
Case Study 30: Journalistic Ethics and the Power of Editorial Opinion
Afterword
JOURNALISM AS A FORCE FOR SOCIAL GOOD
News to Change the World
Lessons for Journalistic Ethics
Information High Technology
Historical Background: Twain’s Congo Pamphlet
Media Influencing Popular Opinion
Double Effect of Media Impact on Policy Making
Ideology Implicit in Mass Communications Technology
Appendices
1: SOCIETY OF PROFESSIONAL JOURNALISTS–CODE OF ETHICS 282
2: INTERNATIONAL FEDERATION OF JOURNALISTS–DECLARATION OFPRINCIPLES ON THE CONDUCT OF JOURNALISTS 285
3: ETHICS CODE: ASSOCIATED PRESS MANAGING EDITORS 287
4: CODE OF ETHICS AND PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT OF THERADIO-TELEVISION NEWS DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION 290
We all depend in many ways on accurate, timely news reporting, but is the accuracy of news a given? And how much responsibility does a journalist have for its accuracy?
Journalistic Ethics: Moral Responsibility in the Media examines the moral rights and responsibilities of journalists to provide what Dale Jacquette calls “truth telling in the public interest.” With 31 case studies from contemporary journalistic practice, the book demonstrates the immediate practical implications of ethics for working journalists as well as for those who read or watch the news. This case-study approach is paired with a theoretical grounding, and issues include freedom of the press, censorship and withholding sensitive information for the greater public good, protection of confidential sources, journalistic respect for privacy, objectivity, perspective and bias, and editorial license and its obligations. This is a book for anyone who now works in journalism, or is considering a career as a journalist. It is also important groundwork for everyone who follows the day's events in newspapers, radio, television, or on the internet.
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