This highly readable human services text offers a generalist overview of the human services.

Students will enjoy reading Introduction to Human Services: Through the Eyes of Practice Settings, which explores relevant issues within the human services field by looking at them within the context of the most common practice settings.  Ten practice settings are explored comprehensively, including the history and role of the human service professional, common clinical issues, as well as intervention strategies used in practice settings such as child welfare, mental health, substance abuse, the elderly, and domestic violence.

Each chapter thoroughly explores recent research, providing students with the most up-to-date information and perspective on important social issues and target populations.  This is one of the only texts to include a chapter on faith-based agencies, which focuses on the long and distinguished history of religious organizations providing services to the needy.   Native American issues are explored in-depth providing insight into this special population and its unique relationship to the federal government.  A unique chapter on macro practice is also included; this is an often-neglected practice field that warrants increased attention.  The Macro chapter focuses on social injustice at an international level, including issues such as hate crimes, human sex trafficking, FGM, and economic injustice in developing countries.

• The text is written in an engaging and easy-to-read style.
• Ten practice settings are explored comprehensively, including the history and role of the human service professional, common clinical issues, and intervention strategies used within a given practice setting.
• Case studies are found within each chapter, taken from actual human service practice situations.
• A chapter on faith-based agencies, a long neglected practice setting, focuses on agencies from three of the world’s major religions. 
• Native American issues, including a history of governmental oppression, are covered in most multicultural sections. 
• A chapter on violence explores issues a human service professional faces both with victims and perpetrators. 
• A comprehensive chapter on Macro Practice includes material on social injustice, including crimes against women and children, hate crimes, sweatshops, human sex trafficking, FGM, and economic injustice in developing countries. 
• A chapter on ethical considerations and standards.

I. HUMAN SERVICES AS A PROFESSION. 

1. INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN SERVICES PROFESSION: PURPOSE, PREPARATION, PRACTICE AND THEORETICAL ORIENTATIONS.          

The Many Types of Human Service Professionals. 

Why is Human Services Needed?

Human Service Education and Licensure. 

Duties and Functions of a Human Service Professional.     

How Do Human Service Professionals Practice?    

Theoretical Frameworks used in Human Services.

Bronfenbenner’s Ecological Systems Theory.       

PIE — Person in Environment.     

Eco-systems Theory.     

Understanding Human Services through a Look at Practice Settings.          

2. HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF THE HUMAN SERVICES PROFESSION.          

The Feudal System of the Middle Ages.    

Poor Laws of England.    

The Elizabethan Poor Laws.        

Charity Organization Societies.   

Jane Addams and the Settlement House Movement.         

Influences of African American Social Workers.    

The New Deal and the Social Security Act of 1935.

II.  CLINICAL ISSUES AND THE ROLE OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL.        

3. SKILLS AND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES FOR GENERALIST PRACTICE.    

Informed Consent and Confidentiality     

The Limits of Confidentiality       

Skills and Competencies

Sympathy and Empathy 

Boundary Setting          

The Hallmarks of Personal Growth          

The Clinical Assessment 

Patience           

Active Listening Skills    

Observation Skills         

Family Genograms        

Psychological Testing     

Clinical Diagnoses         

Criticisms of the DSM-IV-TR       

Continuum of Mental Health        

Case Management and Counseling          

Basic Counseling Techniques for Generalist Practice         

Task-Centered Casework           

Perceptual Reframing, Emotional Regulation, Networking and Advocacy     

4. CHILD AND FAMILY SERVICES        

Overview and Purpose of Child and Family Services Agencies       

The History of the Foster Care System in the United States           

The U.S. Orphan Problem           

The Orphan Asylum       

The Seeds of Foster Care: The Orphan Trains      

Overview of the Current U.S. Child Welfare System         

Getting into the System 

Child Abuse Investigations         

Mandated Reporters      

Sequence of Events in the Reporting and Investigation of Child Abuse        

Types of Child Maltreatment       

The Forensic Interview   

To Intervene, or Not Intervene:  Models for Decision Making         

Working with Children in Placement        

Permanency Plans         

Working with Biological Families  

Biological Parents and their Children: Maintaining the Connection  

Working with Foster Children: Common Clinical Issues     

Separation        

Loss, Grief and Mourning

Identity Issues  

Continuity of Family Ties

Crisis   

Working with Foster Parents       

Reunification     

Family Preservation       

Minority Populations and Multicultural Considerations        

Placing Children of Color in Caucasian Homes      

Native Americans and the U.S. Child Welfare System       

Adoption Services         

5. ADOLESCENT SERVICES      

Adolescence: A New Stage of Development?        

Developmental Perspectives       

Common Clinical Issues and the Role of the Human Service Professional   

Abstract Reasoning: A Dangerous Weapon in the Hands of an Adolescent   

Adolescent Rebellion      

Externalizing Behaviors  

Internalizing Behaviors  

Eating Disorders in the Adolescent Population      

Schizophrenia in the Adolescent Population          

Other Clinical Issues Affecting the Adolescent Population  

Practice Settings Specific to Adolescent Treatment           

Multicultural Considerations        

6. AGING AND SERVICES FOR THE ELDERLY   

The Aging of America: Changing Demographics   

Old and Old-Old: A Developmental Perspective    

Successful Aging           

Current Issues Impacting the Elderly and the Role of the Human Service Professional         

Ageism 

Housing

Homelessness and the Elderly Population 

Adjustment to Retirement          

Grandparents Parenting 

Depression       

Dementia         

Elder Abuse      

Practice Settings Serving the Elderly       

Special Populations        

7. MENTAL HEALTH AND MENTAL ILLNESS     

The History of Mental Illness: Perceptions and Treatment  

The Deinstitutionalization of the Mentally Ill          

Common Mental Illnesses and Clinical Issues       

Serious Mental Disorders Diagnosed on Axis I      

Psychotic Disorders       

Affective Disorders        

Serious Mental Disorders Diagnosed on Axis II    

Mental Health Practice Settings and Counseling Interventions        

Intervention Strategies  

Common Practice Settings         

Mental Illness and Special Populations     

Mental Illness and the Homeless Population         

Mental Illness and the Prison Population: The Criminalization of the Mentally Ill       

Mental Health Courts     

Multicultural Considerations        

Current Legislation Affecting Access to Mental Health Services       

Mental Health Parity Act of 1996 

The President’s New Freedom Commission on Mental Health          

8. HOMELESSNESS      

The Nature of Homelessness: How Many People are Homeless and Why     

The Causes of Homelessness     

History of Homelessness in the United States       

The Contemporary Picture of Homelessness: The Rise of Single Parent Families      

Homeless Shelter Living for Families with Children

Homeless Children: School Attendance and Academic Performance           

Runaway Youth 

Single Men, the Mentally Ill and Substance Abuse 

The Elderly Homeless    

Current Policies and Legislation  

The Role of the Human Service Professional: Working with the Homeless Population: Common Clinical Issues           

Common Practice Settings for Working with the Homeless Population         

9. HEALTHCARE AND HOSPICE

Human Services in Hospitals       

Crisis and Trauma Counseling    

Working with Patients with HIV/AIDS       

The Hospice Movement  

The History of Hospice: The Neglect of the Dying  

The Hospice Philosophy  

The Hospice Team         

The Role of the Hospice Human Services Worker  

The Psychosocial Assessment     

Intervention Strategies  

Case Management and Counseling Services        

Resisting the Reality of the Death           

Planning for the Death   

The Spiritual Component of Dying           

Death and Dying: Effective Bereavement Counseling        

The Journey Through Grief: A Task-Centered Approach    

Multicultural Issues        

Ethical Dilemmas in Hospice Care           

10. SUBSTANCE ABUSE AND TREATMENT       

History of the Practice Setting     

History of Use and Early Treatment Efforts within the United States

The Prohibition Movement          

The Rise of Modern Addiction Treatment in the United States         

Demographics, Prevalence, and Usage Patterns   

Defining Terms and Concepts     

Theoretical Models of Use and Abuse       

Types of Substances Abused      

Abuse of Prescription Drugs       

The Presence of Substance Abuse Across All Practice Settings       

Acceptance of Problem  

Hitting Bottom   

Clinical Interventions     

Motivational Interviewing           

Cultural Sensitivity        

Defining Treatment Goals           

Abstinence        

Harm Reduction

Mode of Service Delivery           

Availability of Treatment

Public Programs

Private Programs          

Continuum of Care        

Treatment Modalities     

The Role of the Human Services Professional       

Stages of Recovery       

Relapse Prevention        

Common Treatment Settings      

Detoxification Programs 

In-Patient Treatment Programs   

Partial Hospitalization Programs  

Residential Treatment Programs 

Out-Patient Treatment   

Pharmacological Treatments       

Self-Help          

Family Involvement       

11. HUMAN SERVICES IN THE SCHOOLS          

School Social Work        

The School Social Work Model    

School Social Work Roles, Functions, and Core Competencies       

School Counseling         

Historical Roots of School Counseling      

School Counselors: Professional Identity 

The Urban Problem        

Common Roles and Functions of School Counselors          

School Psychologists      

Common Clinical Issues and Effective Responses by Human Services Personnel     

Depression and other Mental Health Concerns      

Diversity and Race        

Gay, Lesbian, and Transgendered Youth  

The Terrorism Threat and U.S. During Wartime    

Substance Abuse           

Child Abuse and Neglect

Teenage Pregnancy       

ADD and ADHD 

12. FAITH-BASED AGENCIES  

Faith-Based versus Secular Organizations

Faith-Based Community Initiatives Act    

Methods of Practice in Faith-Based Agencies        

The Benefits of Faith-Based Services       

Religious Diversity in Faith-Based Organizations   

Faith-Based Agencies: Services and Intervention Strategies          

Jewish Human Services: Agencies and the Role of the Human Services Professional

United Jewish Communities: The Federations of North America      

Association of Jewish Family Services and Children’s Agencies      

Christian Human Services: Agencies and the Role of the Human Services Professional        

Rural Communities and the Black Church

Catholic Charities          

Prison Fellowship Ministries         

Teen Challenge 

Islamic Human Services: Agencies and the Role of the Human Services Professional           

Islamic Social Services Association         

Inner-City Muslim Action Network           

Muslim Family Services  

13. VIOLENCE, VICTIM ADVOCACY AND CORRECTIONS           

Domestic Violence         

The Nature of Domestic Violence: The Cycle of Violence   

Counseling Victims of Domestic Violence 

Whose Fault is it Anyway? Attributing Causality of Abuse in the Relationship           

Does She Stay or Does She Go? 

Domestic Violence Practice Settings        

The Prosecution of Domestic Violence     

Batterers Programs       

Sexual Assault  

Why People Commit Rape          

The Psychological Impact of Sexual Assault         

Male-on-Male Sexual Assault      

Common Practice Settings: Rape Crisis Centers   

Victims of Violent Crime 

The Victims’ Bill of Rights           

Victim-Witness Assistance          

Surviving Victims of Homicide     

Common Clinical Issues when Working with Victims of All Violent Crime     

Perpetrators of Crime    

Gang Activity    

Risk-factors of Gang Involvement           

Human Services Practice Settings Focusing on Gang Involvement  

Human Services in Prison Settings          

The War on Drugs         

Clinical Issues in the Prison Population: The Role of the Human Services Professional          

Mental Health Programs in Correctional Facilities  

Prison and Pregnancy    

STDs and AIDS 

Barriers to Treatment    

III. MACRO PRACTICE, ETHICS AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS 

14. MACRO PRACTICE AND INTERNATIONAL SOCIAL JUSTICE           

Why Macro Practice?      

Vulnerable and Oppressed Populations    

Mobilizing for Change:  Shared Goals of Effective Macro Practice Techniques          

Common Aspects of Macro Practice         

Community Development           

Community Organizing  

Policy Practice   

The Global Community: International Human Services      

HIV/AIDS Pandemic      

Crimes Against Women and Children      

Female Genital Mutilation           

Human Sex Trafficking   

Street Children 

Child Labor and Economic Injustice         

Indigenous People         

Torture and Abuse         

Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgendered Rights

Macro Practice in Action 

15. PROFESSIONAL ETHICS AND VALUES IN HUMAN SERVICES         

Moral, But by Whose Standards? 

Ethical Values vs. Emotional Desires: “I Know it was Wrong, But we were in Love!” 

When Our Values Collide: “I Value Honesty, But What if Lives Are at Stake?”          

The Development of Moral Reasoning      

Developing a Professional Code of Ethics 

Resolving Ethical Dilemmas        

Cultural Influences on the Perception of Ethical Behavior  

Ethical Standards in Human Services       

Closing Thoughts on Professional Ethics   

EPILOGUE: THE FUTURE OF HUMAN SERVICES           

Avoiding Professional Burn-out   

Human Services and Technology

Increased Need for Services

Introduction to Human Services  (Social Work / Family Therapy / Human Services)

Introduction to Human Services, First Edition

By:Michelle Martin (Judson College)

Overview:

This highly readable human services text offers a generalist view of the breadth and scope of human services.

Features:

Ten practice settings are explored in depth, including the history and role of the human service professional, common clinical issues, and intervention strategies used within a given practice setting.

A chapter on faith-based agencies, a long neglected practice setting, focuses on agencies from three of the world’s major religions. 

Native American issues, including a history of governmental oppression, are covered. 

A comprehensive chapter on Macro Practice addresses this growing and important field, including social injustice such as crimes against women and children, hate crimes, sweatshops, human sex trafficking, FGM, and economic injustice in developing countries. 

What Reviewers Are Saying:

”The strengths of this new text include the depth and breadth of topics presented; the application of information to real cases; the comprehensive look at the nature and qualifications of the profession; and the organization of the material.  I would definitely consider using this text for my introductory course in human services.”

      --Joyce Clohessey, Westmoreland County Community College

“The approach taken by Martin is refreshing, as it ‘cuts to the chase’ of the helping profession. Many students enter the field of helping with only an abstract sense of their career path. Martin’s approach would assist students in having a more concrete view of the populations and issues in the helping professions as well as the individual skills and knowledge base needed by the professional.  I especially enjoy the idea of having more information on faith based work, as many of my students express an interest in this area.”

                                                 --Stephanie Ziegler Briggs, Central Piedmont Community College

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