Addison-Wesley / Prentice Hall
Physics & Astronomy
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Physics, Volume I, 3/E
ISBN-10: 0131963929
ISBN-13: 9780131963924
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
Copyright: 2007
Format: Paper; 696 pp
Published: 01/13/2006
Status: Out of Print
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"How much time do you spend teaching vectors in this course?"
Students often enter this course without the math background, including experience with vectors, to be successful. Walker devotes a full chapter (Chapter 3) to vectors to provide an additional resource for students.
"What is the problem-solving process you teach your students to use?"
Students use the worked Examples in the text as a guide for solving problems. Every worked Example in Walker is structured to provide a systematic process for solving problems:
Picture the Problem reminds students to visualize the situation, identify and label important quantities, and set up a coordinate system. This step is always accompanied by a figure and free-body diagram when appropriate.
Strategy helps students learn to analyze the problem, identify the key physical concepts, and map a plan for the solution.
Solution is presented in two-columns to help students translate the words of the problem on the left to the equations they will use to solve it on the right.
Insight points out interesting or significant features of the problem, solution process, or the result.
Practice Problem is the last part of the Example. Here, students are given the opportunity to test their understanding and skills on a problem similar to the one just worked.
"How do you help students go from the worked Examples in the text to the end-of-chapter Problems they are assigned for homework?"
Active Examples serve as a bridge between the fully worked Examples and the end-of-chapter Problems. Students take an active role by thinking through the logic of the steps on the left and checking their answers with the answer on the right. This unique pedagogical tool prepares students to better tackle homework problems on their own.
"What role does conceptual understanding play in your course?"
Much like clicker questions an instructor might ask in class, Conceptual Checkpoints serve as a pause in the reading for students to check their understanding. These multiple choice, conceptual questions recognize and address common student misconceptions.
"Do you assign and grade conceptual questions for homework?"
Conceptual Exerices are conceptual ranking task exercises in multiple-choice format. Because they are multiple-choice they can be assigned and easily graded as paper and pencil homework, in an online homework system, or in class using a personal response system.
A Chapter on Vectors
Students often enter this course without the math background, including experience with vectors, to be successful. Walker devotes a full chapter (Chapter 3) to introduce vectors and provide an additional resource for students.
Worked Examples with Solutions in 2-column format
Students use the worked Examples in the text as a guide for solving problems. Every worked Example in Walker is structured to provide a systematic process for solving problems:
Picture the Problem reminds students to visualize the situation, identify and label important quantities, and set up a coordinate system. This step is always accompanied by a figure and free-body diagram when appropriate.
Strategy helps students learn to analyze the problem, identify the key physical concepts, and map a plan for the solution.
Solution is presented in two-columns to help students translate the words of the problem on the left to the equations they will use to solve it on the right.
Insight points out interesting or significant features of the problem, solution process, or the result.
Practice Problem is the last part of the Example. Here, students are given the opportunity to test their understanding and skills on a problem similar to the one just worked.
Active Examples
Active Examples serve as a bridge between the fully worked Examples and the end-of-chapter Problems. Students take an active role by thinking through the logic of the steps on the left and checking their answers with the answer on the right. This unique pedagogical tool prepares students to better tackle homework problems on their own.
Conceptual Checkpoints
Much like clicker questions an instructor might ask in class, Conceptual Checkpoints serve as a pause in the reading for students to check their understanding. These multiple choice, conceptual questions recognize and address common student misconceptions.
Problem Solving Notes
Marginal Problem Solving Notes highlight useful problem-solving methods while also pointing out
common pitfalls and misconceptions.
Applications
Students taking introductory physics often wonder how the course is applicable to the challenges they will face in their lives and their careers. Students using Walker have commented that every time they ask themselves this, the book points out a relevant and interesting application of the material. Real-world and Biological applications are identified by a marginal icon. A list of Applications is available in the Preface.
Interactive Problems and Interactive Figures
A new section of Interactive Problems has been added to the homework. In these Problems, an Example, Active Example, Conceptual Checkpoint, or Figure "comes alive" as the computer animates the corresponding physical system. These Interactive Figures, marked with an icon in the text, are designed to be flexible in their application – they can be used in lecture, as a "virtual lab", or as a component of a homework assignment. They are available in the Walker OneKey cartridges, on the Companion Website, and on the Instructor’s Resource Center on CD-ROM. By giving direct visual feedback to the student, they help to reinforce what is being learned and to provide an additional pathway of understanding.
Chapter Summary
Each chapter contains a Chapter Summary organized in an outline format for easy reference and study. The Third Edition Chapter Summary includes key figures from the chapter which serve as a visual reminder as students review.
Problem Solving Summary
In addition to the Chapter Summary, each chapter includes a Problem-Solving Summary. Formatted in an easy-to-reference outline, this summary lists the types of problems covered in the chapter as well as the relevant concepts and specific Examples for each.
Conceptual Questions and Exercises
Conceptual Questions are qualitative questions that allow students to test their understanding of the chapter principles. Because these are open-ended questions, they also provide a resource for in-class or small group discussion.
Conceptual Exerices are conceptual ranking task exercises in multiple-choice format. Because they are multiple-choice they can be assigned and easily graded as paper and pencil homework, in an online homework system, or in class using a personal response system.
Answers to odd-numbered Conceptual Questions and Exercises are available in the back of the book.
Integrated Problems (IP)
Integrated Problems, marked IP, contain two parts: a quantitative problem as well as a conceptual question. This format requires students to check their answer to one part against their answer to the other and promotes this kind of thinking as an important step in solving problems.Contents
Applications in the Text xxi
Preface: To the Instructor xxv
Preface: To the Student xxxix
Guide to Features of the Text xl
1 Introduction to Physics 1
1-1 Physics and the Laws of Nature 2
1-2 Units of Length, Mass, and Time 2
1-3 Dimensional Analysis 4
1-4 Significant Figures 5
1-5 Converting Units 8
1-6 Order-of-Magnitude Calculations 10
1-7 Scalars and Vectors 11
1-8 Problem Solving in Physics 11
Chapter Summary 13
Conceptual Questions 14
Conceptual Exercises 14
Problems 14
PART I MECHANICS
2 One-Dimensional Kinematics 17
2-1 Position, Distance, and Displacement 18
2-2 Average Speed and Velocity 19
2-3 Instantaneous Velocity 23
2-4 Acceleration 25
2-5 Motion with Constant Acceleration 29
2-6 Applications of the Equations of Motion 35
2-7 Freely Falling Objects 37
Chapter Summary 43
Problem-Solving Summary 45
Conceptual Questions 46
Conceptual Exercises 46
Problems 47
3 Vectors in Physics 57
3-1 Scalars Versus Vectors 58
3-2 The Components of a Vector 58
3-3 Adding and Subtracting Vectors 63
3-4 Unit Vectors 66
3-5 Position, Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration Vectors 67
3-6 Relative Motion 71
Chapter Summary 73
Problem-Solving Summary 74
Conceptual Questions 74
Conceptual Exercises 75
Problems 75
4 Two-Dimensional Kinematics 81
4-1 Motion in Two Dimensions 82
4-2 Projectile Motion: Basic Equations 85
4-3 Zero Launch Angle 86
4-4 General Launch Angle 91
4-5 Projective Motion: Key Characteristics 95
Problem-Solving Summary 101
Conceptual Questions 101
Conceptual Exercises 102
Problems 103
5 Newton’s Laws of Motion 109
5-1 Force and Mass 110
5-2 Newton’s First Law of Motion 110
5-3 Newton’s Second Law of Motion 112
5-4 Newton’s Third Law of Motion 120
5-5 The Vector Nature of Forces: Forces in Two Dimensions 123
5-6 Weight 126
5-7 Normal Forces 130
Chapter Summary 134
Problem-Solving Summary 135
Conceptual Questions 135
Conceptual Exercises 137
Problems 138
6 Applications of Newton’s Laws 143
6-1 Frictional Forces 144
6-2 Strings and Springs 152
6-3 Translational Equilibrium 156
6-4 Connected Objects 160
6-5 Circular Motion 164
Chapter Summary 169
Problem-Solving Summary 170
Conceptual Questions 170
Conceptual Exercises 171
Problems 172
7 Work and Kinetic Energy 179
7-1 Work Done by a Constant Force 180
7-2 Kinetic Energy and the Work-Energy Theorem 186
7-3 Work Done by a Variable Force 190
7-4 Power 195
Chapter Summary 197
Problem-Solving Summary 198
Conceptual Questions 199
Conceptual Exercises 199
Problems 200
8 Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy 205
8-1 Conservative and Nonconservative Forces 206
8-2 Potential Energy and the Work Done by Conservative Forces 209
8-3 Conservation of Mechanical Energy 215
8-4 Work Done by Nonconservative Forces 223
8-5 Potential Energy Curves and Equipotentials 228
Chapter Summary 231
Problem-Solving Summary 232
Conceptual Questions 232
Conceptual Exercises 233
Problems 234
9 Linear Momentum and Collisions 241
9-1 Linear Momentum 242
9-2 Momentum and Newton’s Second Law 244
9-3 Impulse 245
9-4 Conservation of Linear Momentum 249
9-5 Inelastic Collisions 254
9-6 Elastic Collisions 260
9-7 Center of Mass 265
*9-8 Systems with Changing Mass: Rocket Propulsion 270
Chapter Summary 272
Problem-Solving Summary 274
Conceptual Questions 274
Conceptual Exercises 275
Problems 276
10 Rotational Kinematics and Energy 283
10-1 Angular Position, Velocity, and Acceleration 284
10-2 Rotational Kinematics 288
10-3 Connections Between Linear and Rotational Quantities 291
10-4 Rolling Motion 296
10-5 Rotational Kinetic Energy and the Moment of Inertia 297
10-6 Conservation of Energy 301
Chapter Summary 306
Problem-Solving Summary 308
Conceptual Questions 309
Conceptual Exercises 309
Problems 310
11 Rotational Dynamics and Static Equilibrium 317
11-1 Torque 318
11-2 Torque and Angular Acceleration 321
11-3 Zero Torque and Static Equilibrium 325
11-4 Center of Mass and Balance 332
11-5 Dynamic Applications of Torque 335
11-6 Angular Momentum 337
11-7 Conservation of Angular Momentum 340
11-8 Rotational Work and Power 345
*11-9 The Vector Nature of Rotational Motion 346
Chapter Summary 348
Problem-Solving Summary 350
Conceptual Questions 350
Conceptual Exercises 350
Problems 352
12 Gravity 360
12-1 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation 361
12-2 Gravitational Attraction of Spherical Bodies 364
12-3 Kepler’s Laws of Orbital Motion 369
12-4 Gravitational Potential Energy 376
12-5 Energy Conservation 379
*12-6 Tides 386
Chapter Summary 388
Problem-Solving Summary 390
Conceptual Questions 390
Conceptual Exercises 390
Problems 391
13 Oscillations About Equilibrium 396
13-1 Periodic Motion 397
13-2 Simple Harmonic Motion 398
13-3 Connections Between Uniform Circular Motion and Simple Harmonic Motion 401
13-4 The Period of a Mass on a Spring 407
13-5 Energy Conservation in Oscillatory Motion 411
13-6 The Pendulum 414
13-7 Damped Oscillations 420
13-8 Driven Oscillations and Resonance 421
Chapter Summary 423
Problem-Solving Summary 425
Conceptual Questions 425
Conceptual Exercises 426
Problems 427
14 Waves and Sound 433
14-1 Types of Waves 434
14-2 Waves on a String 436
*14-3 Harmonic Wave Functions 439
14-4 Sound Waves 440
14-5 Sound Intensity 444
14-6 The Doppler Effect 449
14-7 Superposition and Interference 455
14-8 Standing Waves 458
14-9 Beats 466
Chapter Summary 468
Problem-Solving Summary 470
Conceptual Questions 470
Conceptual Exercises 470
Problems 471
15 Fluids 479
15-1 Density 480
15-2 Pressure 480
15-3 Static Equilibrium in Fluids: Pressure and Depth 484
15-4 Archimedes’ Principle and Buoyancy 489
15-5 Applications of Archimedes’ Principle 491
15-6 Fluid Flow and Continuity 496
15-7 Bernoulli’s Equation 498
15-8 Applications of Bernoulli’s Equation 501
*15-9 Viscosity and Surface Tension 504
Chapter Summary 507
Problem-Solving Summary 509
Conceptual Questions 509
Conceptual Exercises 510
Problems 511
PART II THERMAL PHYSICS
16 Temperature and Heat 517
16-1 Temperature and the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 518
16-2 Temperature Scales 519
16-3 Thermal Expansion 523
16-4 Heat and Mechanical Work 529
16-5 Specific Heats 531
16-6 Conduction, Convection, and Radiation 534
Chapter Summary 542
Problem-Solving Summary 544
Conceptual Questions 544
Conceptual Exercises 545
Problems 546
17 Phases and Phase Changes 551
17-1 Ideal Gases 552
17-2 Kinetic Theory 558
17-3 Solids and Elastic Deformation 563
17-4 Phase Equilibrium and Evaporation 568
17-5 Latent Heats 574
17-6 Phase Changes and Energy Conservation 577
Chapter Summary 579
Problem-Solving Summary 581
Conceptual Questions 581
Conceptual Exercises 582
Problems 582
18 The Laws of Thermodynamics 588
18-1 The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 589
18-2 The First Law of Thermodynamics 589
18-3 Thermal Processes 594
18-4 Specific Heats for an Ideal Gas: Constant Pressure, Constant Volume 599
18-5 The Second Law of Thermodynamics 603
18-6 Heat Engines and the Carnot Cycle 603
18-7 Refrigerators, Air Conditioners, and Heat Pumps 607
18-8 Entropy 611
18-9 Order, Disorder, and Entropy 615
18-10 The Third Law of Thermodynamics 617
Chapter Summary 618
Problem-Solving Summary 620
Conceptual Questions 620
Conceptual Exercises 621
Problems 622
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