Prentice Hall
Engineering
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ISBN-10: 0131472011
ISBN-13: 9780131472013
Publisher: Prentice Hall
Copyright: 2006
Format: Paper; 528 pp
Available on Demand
Suggested retail price: $128.00
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For senior-level courses in quality methodology for engineering majors.
This text contains virtually all the information an engineer would need to function as a quality engineer. The author covers management methods and statistical methods of quality in an integrative manner – unlike other books on the subject, which focus primarily on one of the two areas of quality. Many real world examples, drawn from the author’s consulting work, illustrate the use of quality methods. Mini projects help students understand and solve real problems.
• Reader-friendly writing style — Makes material more approachable and encourages self-study.
• Coverage of must-know fundamentals of probability and statistics in one chapter (Chapter 2) –Provides the basic understanding of probability and statistics fundamentals to help students understand the statistical tools of quality well and use them properly.
• Extensive use of computer software to illustrate the use of computer in solving quality problems.
• An Instructor's solutions manual is available wherein all end-of-chapter problems are fully worked out with explanation of each step.
Preface xiii
1 Introduction to Quality 1
A Historical Overview 1
A Note about “Quality Engineering” 5
Defining Quality 7
Product Quality vs. Service Quality 8
The Total Quality System 9
Total Quality Management 11
Economics of Quality 12
Quality, Productivity, and Competitive Position 13
Quality Costs 14
A Case Study in Quality Costs 27
Success Stories 32
Cadillac Motor Car Company (Winner of the 1990 MBNQA) 32
Boeing Airlift and Tanker Programs (Winner of the 1998 MBNQA) 34
Exercises 37
Mini-Project 1.1 40
Mini-Project 1.2 41
References 42
2 Statistics for Quality 43
Variability in Populations 43
Some Definitions 44
Section I: Empirical Methods for Describing Populations 46
The Frequency Distribution 46
The Histogram 47
The Cumulative Frequency Distribution 48
Numerical Methods for Describing Populations 52
Calculating the Average and Standard Deviation 53
Other Graphical Methods 54
Stem-and-Leaf Diagram 54
Box-and-Whisker Plot 55
Other Numerical Measures 56
Measures of Location 56
Measures of Dispersion 56
Exercise in Empirical Methods 57
Section II: Mathematical Models for Describing Populations 59
Probability 59
Definition of Probability 60
Computing the Probability of an Event 60
Theorems on Probability 63
Counting the Sample Points in a Sample Space 70
Exercise in Probability 73
Probability Distributions 75
Random Variable 75
Probability Mass Function 76
Probability Density Function 78
The Cumulative Distribution Function 79
The Mean and Variance of a Distribution 80
Some Important Probability Distributions 82
The Binomial Distribution 83
The Poisson Distribution 85
The Normal Distribution 86
Distribution of the Sample Average 93
The Central Limit Theorem 94
Exercise in Probability Distributions 95
Section III: Inference of Population Quality from a Sample 96
Definitions 96
Confidence Intervals 98
CI for the of a Normal Population When Is Known 98
Interpretation of CI 99
CI for When Is Not Known 99
CI for of a Normal Population 100
Hypothesis Testing 102
Test Concerning the Mean of a Normal Population When
Is Known 103
Why Place the Claim Made About a Parameter in 105
The Three Possible Alternate Hypotheses 106
Test Concerning the Mean of a Normal Population When
Is Not Known 107
Test for Difference of Two Means When Are Known 108
Tests for Normality 110
Use of the Normal Probability Plot 110
Normal Probability Plot on the Computer 112
A Goodness-of-Fit Test 113
The P Value 115
Exercise in Inference Methods 116
Mini-Project 2.1 117
Mini-Project 2.2 118
References 119
3 Quality in Design 120
Planning for Quality 120
The Product Creation Cycle 120
Product Planning 122
Finding Customer Needs 122
Quality Function Deployment 126
Reliability Fundamentals 131
Product Design 140
Parameter Design 140
Design of Experiments 141
Tolerance Design 156
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis 161
Concurrent Engineering 164
Process Design 166
The Process Flow Chart 167
Process Parameter Selection: Experiments 169
Floor Plan Layout 173
Process FMEA 173
Process Control Plan 173
Other Process Plans 175
Exercises 178
Mini-Project 3.1 181
Mini-Project 3.2 181
Mini-Project 3.3 181
References 182
4 Quality in Production: Process Control–I 184
Process Control 184
The Control Charts 185
A Typical Control Chart 186
Measurement Control Charts 188
and R-Charts 189
A Few Notes About the and R-Charts 194
and S-Charts 205
Attribute Control Charts 209
The P-Chart 209
The C-chart 212
Some Special Attribute Control Charts 214
The P-Chart with Varying Sample Size 214
The nP-Chart 217
The Percent Defective Chart (100P-chart) 218
The U-Chart 218
A Few Notes About the Attribute Control Charts 221
vii.Summary of Control Charts 223
Implementing SPC on Processes 224
Process Capability 229
Capability of a Process with Measurable Output 229
Capability Indices and 229
Capability of a Process with Attribute Output 233
Measurement System Analysis 234
Properties of Instruments 234
Measurement Standards 236
Evaluating an Instrument 237
Exercises 246
Mini-Project 4.1 250
Mini-Project 4.2 250
References 251
5 Quality in Production: Process Control–II 253
Derivation of Limits 254
Limits for the 254
Limits for the R-Chart 257
Limits for the P-chart 258
Limits for the C-Chart 259
Operating Characteristics of Control Charts 259
Operating Characteristics of an 259
OC Curve of an R-Chart 262
Average Run Length 263
OC Curve of a P-Chart 266
OC Curve of a C-Chart 268
Measurement Control Charts for Special Situations 269
and R-Charts when Standards for and/or Are Given 269
Control Charts for Slow Process 274
Control Chart for Individuals (X-Chart) 274
Moving Average and MR Charts 276
The Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Chart 279
Control Charts for Short Runs 286
The DNOM Chart 287
The Standardized DNOM Chart 289
Topics in Process Capability 291
The Index 292
Confidence Interval for Capability Indices 294
Motorola’s Capability 296
Topics in Design of Experiments 300
Analysis of Variance 300
The General Design 306
Design 306
Fractional Factorials: One-Half Fractions 308
viii.Exercises 318
Mini-Project 5.1 321
Mini-Project 5.2 321
References 322
6 Managing for Quality 323
Managing Human Resources 323
Importance of Human Resources 323
Organizations 324
Quality Leadership 327
Customer Focus 329
Open Communications 331
Empowerment 332
Education and Training 334
Teamwork 339
Motivation Methods 346
Principles of Management 347
Strategic Planning for Quality 347
History of Planning 347
Making the Strategic Plan 349
Strategic Plan Deployment 351
Exercises 351
Mini-Project 6.1 351
References 351
7 Quality in Procurement 353
Importance of Quality in Supplies 353
Establishing a Good Supplier Relationship 354
Essentials of a Good Supplier Relationship 354
Single vs. Multiple Suppliers 354
Choosing a Supplier 356
Certifying a Supplier 357
Specifying the Supplies Completely 357
Auditing the Supplier 358
Supply Chain Optimization 359
Using Statistical Sampling for Acceptance 363
The Need for Sampling Inspection 363
Single Sampling Plans for Attributes 365
The Operating Characteristic Curve 365
Designing an SSP 368
Double Sampling Plans for Attributes 371
MIL-STD-105E 377
Average Outgoing Quality Limit 380
Some Notes About Sampling Plans 391
Exercises 392
References 393
8 Continuous Improvement of Quality 395
The Need for Continuous Improvement 395
The Problem-Solving Methodology 396
Deming’s PDCA Cycle 396
Juran’s Breakthrough Sequence 398
The Generic Problem-Solving Methodology 399
Quality Improvement Tools 402
Cause-and-Effect Diagram 402
Brainstorming 403
Benchmarking 404
Pareto Analysis 408
Histogram 410
Control Charts 411
Scatter Plots 412
Regression Analysis 414
Correlation Analysis 424
Exercises 428
Term Project 8.1 430
References 430
9 A System for Quality 431
The Systems Approach 431
Dr. Deming’s System 432
Long-Term Planning 433
Cultural Change 434
Prevention Orientation 434
Quality in Procurement 434
Continuous Improvement 435
Training, Education, Empowerment, and Teamwork 436
Dr. Juran’s System 440
Quality Planning 441
Quality Control 443
Quality Improvement 444
Dr. Feigenbaum’s System 447
Baldrige Award Criteria 450
Criterion 1: Leadership 452
Criterion 2: Strategic Planning 453
Criterion 3: Customer and Market Focus 454
Criterion 4: Measurement, Analysis, and Knowledge
Management 454
Criterion 5: Human Resource Focus 455
Criterion 6: Process Management 456
Criterion 7: Business Results 458
ISO 9000 Quality Management Systems 459
The ISO 9000-2000 Family of Standards 459
The Eight Quality Management Principles 460
Documentation in ISO 9000 462
ISO 9001-2000 Requirements 462
Quality Management System 463
General Requirements 463
Documentation Requirements 463
Management Responsibility 464
Management Commitment 464
Customer Focus 464
Quality Policy 464
Planning 465
Responsibility, Authority and Communication 465
Management Review 465
Resource Management 466
Provision of Resources 466
Human Resources 466
Infrastructure 466
Work Environment 466
Product Realization 467
Planning of Product Realization 467
Customer-Related Process 467
Design and Development 468
Purchasing 469
Production and Service Provision 469
Control of Monitoring and Measuring Devices 471
Measurement, Analysis and Improvement 471
General 471
Monitoring and Measurement 472
Control of Nonconforming Product 472
Analysis of Data 473
Improvement 473
The Six Sigma System 474
Six Themes of Six Sigma 474
The Measure 476
The Three Strategies 477
The Two Improvement Processes 478
The Five-Step Road Map 478
The Organization for Six Sigma 481
Summary of Quality Management Systems 481
Exercises 483
Mini-Project 9.1 485
Mini-Project 9.2 485
References 485
Appendix Statistical Tables 486
Answers to Selected Exercises 496
Index 505
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Pearson Higher Education offers special pricing when you choose to package your text with other student resources. If you're interested in creating a cost-saving package for your students, browse our available packages below, or contact your Pearson Higher Education representative to create your own package.
- Package ISBN-10: 0136143792 | ISBN-13: 9780136143796
©2006 | Instock | Suggested retail price: $146.67 | Buy from myPearsonStore
This package contains: - First Course in Quality Engineering, 1/E
Krishnamoorthi | ©2006 | Prentice Hall | Paper; 528 pages - MINITAB Release 14 for Windows CD, 1/E
Minitab & Inc. | ©2004 | Prentice Hall | CD-ROM Only