Economic Development, 10/E
Michael P. Todaro, New York University and The Population Council
Stephen C. Smith, George Washington University

ISBN-10: 0321485734
ISBN-13: 9780321485731

Publisher: Addison-Wesley
Copyright: 2009
Format: Cloth; 896 pp
Published: 02/26/2008

Suggested retail price: $153.13
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Economic Development is the leading textbook in this field, providing a complete and balanced introduction to the requisite theory, the driving policy issues, and the latest research.

Todaro and Smith take a policy-oriented approach, presenting economic theory in the context of critical policy debates and country-specific case studies so students see how theory relates to the problems and prospects of developing countries. In the Tenth Edition, the authors integrate new discussions of hot topic research areas such as gender, colonialism, and natural resources, and they update the extensive applications, data, and country-specific case studies throughout.

  • The hallmark approach, shaped by the authors’ personal experience and extensive research:
    • Teaches economic development within the context of country-specific examples so that theory is demonstrated through real-world issues.
    • Adopts a problem- and policy-oriented presentation to foster students’ ability to understand contemporary economic problems and to reach independent and informed conclusions.
    • Uses the best and most recent available data and the appropriate theoretical tools to illuminate common problems of developing countries.
    • Focuses on a wide range of developing countries, not only as independent nation-states but also in relation to one another and in their interactions with rich nations.
    • Recognizes the necessity of treating the problems of development and underdevelopment from institutional, structural, and market perspectives.
    • Views development and underdevelopment in both domestic and international contexts, stressing the increasing interdependence of the world economy.
    • Considers the economic, social, and institutional problems of underdevelopment as closely interrelated and requiring coordinated solutions at local, national, and international levels.
  • Country-specific Case Studies at the end of each chapter reflect and illustrate specific problems discussed in the chapter.
  • Voices of the Poor boxes give students perspective on the issues faced by citizens in developing and underdeveloped nations.
  • The text is organized into three distinct parts:
    • Part One focuses on the nature and meaning of development and underdevelopment, and its various manifestations in developing nations. The growth experience of now-developed countries is examined, four classic theories of development are presented, and recent development models are introduced.
    • Parts Two and Three focus on major domestic and international development problems and policies, such as economic growth, poverty and income distribution, population, migration, and urbanization.
    • The book concludes with the authors’ look ahead at key emerging issues in economic development.
  • Coverage of topics is structured to allow instructors to adapt lecture topics based on their individual course.
  • Essential principles of economics relevant to understanding development problems are highlighted in boldface and are explained in detail where appropriate.
  • The material is sufficiently broad in scope and rigorous in coverage to be used in any undergraduate and some graduate development economics courses.

  • Gender is a hot area of development research, and the authors weave this throughout the Tenth Edition, beginning with a new directed discussion in Chapter 1, Economics, Institutions, and Development: A Global Perspective.
  • Colonialism and its lingering impact on developing countries is examined in depth in Chapter 2, Comparative Economic Development.
  • Globalization is now discussed from a colonial perspective, and the authors demonstrate how colonialism shapes domestic institutions, which can limit or facilitate economic growth.
  • Poverty discussions are expanded in Chapter 5, Poverty, Inequality, and Development.
  • A new Case Study in Chapter 8, Human Capital: Education and Health in Economic Development, discusses Mexico’s antipoverty program Progresa, which focuses on education, health, and nutrition for children living in rural poverty.
  • A thorough analysis of the World Development Report 2008: Agriculture for Development by the World Bank is analyzed and discussed in Chapter 9.
  • Energy and natural resources coverage is added to Chapter 10, The Environment and Development.
  • Coverage of trade theory and policy is streamlined by combining Chapters 12 and 13.
  • The World Trade Organization and its experience of dealing with developed countries are covered in more depth in Chapter 13.
  • An expanded discussion on the logistics and patterns of foreign aid is included in Chapter 14.
  • Chapter 16 continues to take a thoughtful look ahead at the challenges and issues facing the developing world. This chapter now includes a discussion on environmental dependence in developing nations as well as the recent economic progress in Africa.

I. Principles and Concepts

1. Economics, Institutions, and Development: A Global Perspective
How the Other Half Live
Economics and Development Studies
Economies as Social Systems: The Need to Go Beyond Simple Economics
What Do We Mean by Development?

2. Comparative Economic Development
Defining the Developing World
Measuring Development for Quantitative Comparison across Countries
Some Basic Indicators of Development
Characteristics of the Developing World: Diversity within Commonality
How Low-Income Countries Today Differ from Developed Countries in Their Earlier Stages
Are Living Standards of Developing and Developed Nations Converging?
Long-Run Causes of Comparative Development

3. Classic Theories of Economic Growth and Development
Classic Theories of Economic Development: Four Approaches
Development as Growth and the Linear-Stages Theories
Structural-Change Models
The International-Dependence Revolution
The Neoclassical Counterrevolution: Market Fundamentalism
Classic Theories of Development: Reconciling Differences

4. Contemporary Models of Development and Underdevelopment
Underdevelopment as a Coordination Failure
Multiple Equilibria: A Diagrammatic Approach
Starting Economic Development: The Big Push
Further Problems of Multiple Equilibria
Kremer’s O-Ring Theory of Economic Development
The Hausmann-Rodrik-Velasco Growth Diagnostics Framework

II. Problems and Policies: Domestic
5. Poverty, Inequality, and Development
Measuring Inequality and Poverty
Poverty, Inequality, and Social Welfare
Absolute Poverty: Extent and Magnitude
Economic Characteristics of Poverty Groups
The Range of Policy Options: Some Basic Considerations
Summary and Conclusions: The Need for a Package of Policies

6. Population Growth and Economic Development: Causes, Consequences, and Controversies
The Basic Issue: Population Growth and the Quality of Life
A Review of Numbers: Population Growth—Past, Present, and Future
The Demographic Transition
The Causes of High Fertility in Developing Countries: The Malthusian and Household Models
The Consequences of High Fertility: Some Conflicting Opinions
Goals and Objectives: Toward a Consensus
Some Policy Approaches

7.  Urbanization and Rural-Urban Migration: Theory and Policy
The Migration and Urbanization Dilemma
The Role of Cities
The Urban Giantism Problem
The Urban Informal Sector
Urban Unemployment
Migration and Development
Toward an Economic Theory of Rural-Urban Migration
Summary and Conclusions: The Shape of a Comprehensive Migration and Employment Strategy

8. Human Capital: Education and Health in Economic Development
The Central Roles of Education and Health
Education and Health as Joint Investments for Development
Improving Health and Education: Why Increasing Income Is Not Sufficient
Investing in Education and Health: The Human Capital Approach
Child Labor
The Gender Gap: Women and Education
Educational Systems and Development
Health Systems and Development

9. Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development
The Imperative of Agricultural Progress and Rural Development
Agricultural Growth: Past Progress and Current Challenges
The Structure of Agrarian Systems in the Developing World
The Important Role of Women
The Economics of Agricultural Development: Transition from Peasant Subsistence to Specialized Commercial Farming
Toward a Strategy of Agricultural and Rural Development: Some Main Requirements

10. The Environment and Development
Economics and the Environment
Environment and Development: The Basic Issues
The Scope of Environmental Degradation: An Overview
Rural Development and the Environment: A Tale of Two Villages
Global Warming and Climate Change
Traditional Economic Models of the Environment
Urban Development and the Environment
The Need for Policy Reform
The Local and Global Costs of Rain Forest Destruction and Greenhouse Gases
Policy Options in Developing and Developed Countries

11. Development Policymaking and the Roles of Market, State, and Civil Society
The Planning Mystique
The Nature of Development Planning
The Rationale for Development Planning
The Planning Process: Some Basic Models
Aggregate Growth Models: Projecting Macro Variables
Multisector and Sectoral Projections
Project Appraisal and Social Cost-Benefit Analysis
Problems of Plan Implementation and Plan Failure
Government Failure and the Resurgent Preference for Markets over Planning
The Market Economy
The “Washington Consensus” on the State in Development and Its Limitations
Development Political Economy: Theories of Policy Formulation and Reform
Trends in Governance and Reform
Development Policy and the State: Concluding Observations

III. Problems and Policies: International and Macro
12. International Trade Theory and Development Strategy
Globalization: An Introduction
International Trade and Finance: Some Key Issues
Five Basic Questions about Trade and Development
The Terms of Trade and the Prebisch-Singer Thesis
The Traditional Theory of International Trade
The Critique of Traditional Free-Trade Theory in the Context of Developing-Country Experience
Some Conclusions on Trade Theory and Economic Development Strategy
Traditional Trade Strategies for Development: Export Promotion versus Import Substitution
Trade Optimists and Trade Pessimists: Summarizing the Traditional Debate
The Industrialization Strategy Approach to Export Policy
Reconciling the Arguments: The Data and the Consensus
South-South Trade and Economic Integration: Looking Outward and Inward
Trade Policies of Developed Countries: The Need for Reform

13. Balance of Payments, Developing-Country Debt, and the Macroeconomic Stabilization Controversy
The Balance of Payments Account
Financing and Reducing Payments Deficits
The Debt Crisis of the 1980s
Attempts at Alleviation: Macroeconomic Instability, IMF Stabilization Policies, and Their Critics
 “Odius Debt” and its Prevention
Resolution and Continued Vulnerabilities

14.  Foreign Finance, Investment, and Aid: Controversies and Opportunities
The International Flow of Financial Resources
Private Foreign Direct Investment and the Multinational Corporation
Private Portfolio Investment: Boon or Bane for LDCs?
The Role and Growth of Remittances
Foreign Aid: The Development Assistance Debate

15. Finance and Fiscal Policy for Development
The Role of the Financial System
The Road to Macroeconomic Stability
Microfinance Institutions
Reforming Financial Systems
Fiscal Policy for Development
Public Administration: The Scarcest Resource
State-Owned Enterprises
Military Expenditures and Economic Development

16.  Some Critical Issues for the Twenty-First Century
Global Interdependence and the Growth of Developing-World Markets
The Global Environment and the Developing World
The Crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa
Globalization and International Financial Reform
Concluding Remarks

Michael P. Todaro was Professor of Economics at New York University for eighteen years and Senior Associate at the Population Council for thirty years. He lived and taught in Africa for six years. He appears in Who's Who in Economics and Economists of the Twentieth Century. He is also the author of eight books and more than fifty professional articles.

Stephen C. Smith is Professor of Economics and International Affairs at George Washington University. He received his PhD in economics from Cornell University. Smith is author of Ending Global Poverty: A Guide to What Works, co-editor of NGOs and the Millennium Development Goals: Citizen Action to Reduce Poverty, and author or coauthor of some three dozen journal articles.

View a Sample Chapter PDF:

  • Companion Website, 10/E
    Todaro & Smith
    © 2009 | Addison-Wesley | Website | Instock
    ISBN-10: 0321538080 | ISBN-13: 9780321538086


  • Companion Website, 10/E
    Todaro & Smith
    © 2009 | Addison-Wesley | Website | Instock
    ISBN-10: 0321538080 | ISBN-13: 9780321538086


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